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Glossary - A |
Air Gap
Alnico
Ampere-turn
Anisotropic magnets
Anisotropy
Antiferromagnetism
Air Gap
A nonmagnetic discontinuity in a ferromagnetic circuit. For example, the space between the poles of a magnet, although filled with brass or wood or other nonmagnetic material, is nevertheless called an air gap.
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Alnico
Aluminum-nickel-cobalt-iron alloy with hard magnetic properties, formed by casting or sintering. Discovered in 1935, it owes its magnetic properties to elongated-shape magnetic particles of FeCo aligned in a lesser magnetic phase of Fe-Ni-Al. Most common alnico is Alnico 5, that has high remanence (1.2 - 1.3 T) and low coercivity (52 - 56 kA/m).
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Ampere-turn
Unit of magnetomotive force (number of turn ´ current).
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Anisotropic magnets
Anisotropic magnets have different magnetic characteristics in different directions. Generally, anisotropic magnets are pressed in a magnetic field and have for this reason a preferred direction. They have only in this preferred direction good magnetic properties and can be magnetised only in this direction.
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Anisotropy
The meaning is that specific physical properties may be different in various directions of the material. The magnetic powder of anisotropically manufactured permanent magnets are exposed to a strong magnetic field during the pressing procedure. The results in an higher magnetic value in the direction of the field than at right angles to it (see also: anisotropic magnets).
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Antiferromagnetism
Type of magnetic structure in which magnetic moments are aligned in anti-parallel way.
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